2016年成人高考高起点英语误用讲解二

　　2016年成人高考高起点英语误用讲解：不定式

　　1、中文：为了准时，我们加快了步伐。

　　(误)So as to be in time we hurried.

　　(正)In order to be in time we hurried.(so as to只可放在句中，in order to可放在句首或句中。)

　　2、中文：你说这些话真傻。

　　(误)It's very foolish for you to say so.

　　(正)It's very foolish of you to say so.(表示评价的形容词被带逻辑主语的不定式修饰时，介词要用of.)

　　3、中文：你没有告诉他们永远不要做那件事吗?

　　(误)Didn't you ask them to never do that?

　　(正)Didn't you ask them never to do that?(never要放在to之前。)

　　4、中文：你没有告诉他们永远不要做那件事吗?

　　(误)Here is a new book for you to read it.

　　(正)Here is a new book for you to read.(作形容词用法的带逻辑主语的不定式for you to read的宾语，实际上就是它所修饰的new book，其后不可再加宾语。)

　　5、中文：他够年龄，可以上学了。

　　(误)He is old enough so that he can go to school.

　　(正)He is old enough to go to school.(形容词+enough+不定式表示足够…而可。)

　　6、中文：他太好了，寄给我许多书。

　　(误)He was so good to send me a lot of books.

　　(正)He was so good as to send me a lot of books.(so……as to表示如此…以致。)

　　7、中文：你最好不要在下雨天出去。

　　(误)You had better not to go out in the rain.

　　(正)You had better not go out in the rain.(had better(not)后接原形不定式。)

　　8、中文：你喜欢听别人谈话吗?

　　(误)Do you like listening to others to talk?

　　(正)Do you like listening to others talk?(感官动词或使役动词的宾语补语用原形不定式。)

　　2016年成人高考高起点英语误用讲解：助动词

　　1、中文：我习惯于早起。

　　(误)I am used to get up early.

　　(正)I am used to getting up early.(get，become或be used to中的to是介词，后接动名词。)

　　2、中文：他过去常常在星期天来约我。

　　(误)He used to calling on me on Sundays.

　　(正)He used to call on me on Sundays.(used to+原形动词，表示过去常常。)

　　3、中文：A：我必须去吗?B：不，你不必了。

　　(误)A： Must I go? B： No，you mustn't.

　　(正)A： Must I go? B： No，you needn't.(mustn't表示不许，needn't表示不必，以MUST开始的一般疑问句，否定回答用needn't.)

　　4、中文：我今天下午想和你一起去游泳。

　　(误)I will like to go swimming with you this afternoon.

　　(正)I would like to go swimming with you this afternoon.(would like是习惯搭配，后接不定式，表示愿意做某事。)

　　5、中文：他前天可能说这些吗?

　　(误)Must he have said so the day before yesterday?(MUST用于推测时表示一定，准是，只用于肯定句。)

　　(正)Can he have said so the day before yesterday?(CAN用于怀疑，推测时表示可能，用于疑问句和否定句。)

　　2016年成人高考高起点英语误用讲解：虚拟语气

　　1、中文：我要是你，我不会那么做。

　　(误)I shouldn't do that if I was you.

　　(正)I shouldn't do that if I were you.(表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气不能用was，只能用were.)

　　2、中文：要是我父亲现在在这里，他会告诉我该做什么。

　　(误)If my father were here now，he will tell me what to do.

　　(正)If my father were here now，he would tell me what to do.(表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气中，主句的助动词只能用would，might等过去时。)

　　3、中文：要是我知道她的电话号码，我就会给她打电话了。

　　(误)If I knew her telephone number，I would have called her.

　　(正)If I had known her telephone number，I would have called her.(表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中，条件从句的动词要用过去完成时。)

　　4、中文：要是昨天没下雨她也许会来。

　　(误)If it had not rained yesterday，he might come.

　　(正)If it had not rained yesterday，he might have come.(表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中，主句的动词要用助动词的过去时might，could等+HAVE+过去分词。)

　　5、中文：我不认为我会失败，但要是我失败了，我会再努力。

　　(误)I don't think that I shall fail. But if I failed，I would try again.

　　(正)I don't think that I shall fail. But if I should fail，I would try again.(表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气中，条件从句的动词用should加原形动词。)

　　6、中文：他要是带了钱就会买它。

　　(误)Did he bring some money with him，he would have bought it.

　　(正)Had he brought some money with him，he would have bought it.(表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中，条件从句的动词要用过去完成时，若省略if，则用倒装形式。)

　　7、中文：她要是个男人可能会当选总统。

　　(误)Be she a man，she might be elected president.

　　(正)Were she a man，she might be elected president.(表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，不能用was，只能用were;若省略if，则将were放在句首。)

　　8、中文：我提议提高教师的薪资。

　　(误)I suggested that the teachers' wages could be increased.

　　(正)I suggested that the teachers' wages should be increased.(suggest当建议讲时，后面的名词从句的主要动词要用should加原形动词，should可以省略。)

　　9、中文：他这么做是重要的。

　　(误)It is important that he will do it.

　　(正)It is important that he do it.(It is important+that引导的名词从句的动词要用should加原形动词，should可以省略。)