2016年成人高考高起点英语误用讲解:被动语态
1、中文:他们结婚两年了。
(误)They have married for two years.
(正)They have been married for two years.(表示已婚状态的持续,要用完成时的被动式。)
2、中文:他被所有学生嘲笑。
(误)He was laughed by all the pupils.
(正)He was laughed at by all the pupils.(不及物动词+介词=及物动词,变被动语态时介词不能省略。)
3、中文:英语难学。
(误)English is difficult to be learned.
(正)English is difficult to learn.(英语难学=学英语难,也可说It's difficult to learn English.原句的主语实际上是不定式的逻辑宾语,不定式要用主动形式。)
4、中文:汤姆问我这些岛屿是否属于美国。
(误)Tom asked me if these islands are belonged to America.
(正)Tom asked me if these islands belonged to America.
5、中文:中国发生了很大变化。
(误)Great changes have been taken place in China.
(正)Great changes have taken place in China.
6、中文:战争于一九三七年爆发。
(误)The war was broken out in 1937.
(正)The war broke out in 1937.(take place,break out,happen,belong to等不及物动词或短语动词没有被动语态形式。)
7、中文:我看不清黑板。也许你需要检查你的眼睛。
(误)I can't see the blackboard very well.Perhaps you need to examine your eyes.
(正)I can't see the blackboard very well.Perhaps you need to have your eyes examined.(表示使某物被别人…,通常使用have或get+物+过去分词表示。)
8、中文:他命令马上开始工作。
(误)He ordered the work to start at once.
(正)He ordered the work to be started at once.(不定式作宾语补语时,若与宾语是被动关系,要用不定式的被动形式。)
9、中文:他试图不介入政治。
(误)He tried not to have mixed up in politics.
(正)He tried not to get mixed up in politics.(get作系动词,可代替be,后接过去分词表示被动,have无此功能。)
10、中文:据说他很富有。
(误)They say him to have been rich.
(正)He is said to have been rich.(say后不可接不定式,但它的被动语态后可接不定式。)
11、中文:那人被认为是个傻子。
(误)The man thought to be a fool.
(正)The man was thought to be a fool.(主语是动作的承受者而不是发出者,用被动语态。)
2016年成人高考高起点英语误用讲解:所有格
1、中文:你做完功课了吗?
(误)Have you done homework?
(正)Have you done your homework?(表示做功课用do one's homework.)
2、中文:那些是我们老师的一些书。
(误)Those are some books of our teacher.
(正)Those are some books of our teacher's.(应用双重所有格形式。)
3、中文:这是我弟弟约翰的书。
(误)This is my brother John book.
(正)This is my brother John's book.(John是brother的同位语,John的书用John's book.)
4、中文:警察抓住了他的胳膊。
(误)The policemen caught him by his arm.
(正)The policemen caught him by the arm.(抓住身上某个部位用the,不用代词的所有格。)
5、中文:一个十岁的孩子
(误)a ten years old child
(误)a child of ten year old
(误)a ten year old child
(误)a ten-years-old child
(正)a ten-year-old child
本文标签:东莞成考模拟试题高起点2016年成人高考高起点英语误用讲解三
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